June 2001
From single names to exotics
Credit derivatives are at the heart of credit markets, yet a mystique prevails among those on the outside of the financial industry over exactly how they operate. Stephen Stonberg of Deutsche Bank examines the future of the credit derivatives market.
Credit derivatives lie at the heart of the structured
credit market and nearly all credit derivatives are based on
credit-default swaps.
These instruments are often poorly understood by outsiders. But a
plain-vanilla single-name credit-default swap is a very
straightforward contract. The complications arise when the swaps
are embedded in larger financial structures or are linked to more
than one name.
A credit-default swap works like an insurance policy. A protection
buyer, most often a bank that owns a loan or bond it wants to
hedge, pays an annual premium to a protection seller. In return,
the protection seller commits itself to making a one-off payment if
the reference credit defaults on any of its debt. The premium is
calculated as a percentage of the underlying asset.
Last month, for example, it cost around 75 basis points to buy
protection on Ford in a five-year contract - the most...
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