AMID ALL THE brouhaha surrounding the vast mineral wealth and economic boom conditions in Kazakhstan, it’s easy to forget that at the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, the country’s economic leadership role in the region was far from assured. In fact, it was Uzbekistan and its capital Tashkent that was seen as the first port of call for multinationals. How times change. The discovery and exploitation of huge oil and gas reserves – 40 billion and 3 trillion cubic metres, respectively – alongside vast amounts of coal, copper, gold, uranium and other minerals, have transformed the economic fortunes of Kazakhstan.
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