“Communism is Soviet power and the electrification of the whole country!” This was one of Lenin’s rallying cries during the early days the Communist revolution. The electrification of the country was so closely identified with modernizing the former Soviet Union that some women still bear the name Elektrifikasiya, given to them by ardent Party-supporting parents.
Since the collapse of communism the equation has been rearranged: without Soviet power, electricity production also disappeared. All the countries of eastern Europe are struggling to reform their dilapidated utility sectors, but Kazakhstan is among the few that has made any progress.
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