Case Study: Bologna

Euroland Municipal Bonds: New city states

Euroland Municipal Bonds: New city states

Case Study: Ile de France

Case Study: Aubagne

Case Study: Leipzig

Case Study: Florence

Case Study: Lazio

Eighty kilometres from Florence, across the Appenine mountains, lies Bologna. This even wealthier city is famed for its food. It’s also known as l’Italia che funziona – the Italy that works. Decades of communist government (Italian-style communism, that is) kept it lean and efficient while in most of Italy public administration slid into corruption and waste.

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