<b>Ukraine faces up to demons</b>
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<b>Ukraine faces up to demons</b>

Deals of the year: Tech and telecoms illustrate the ups and downs of 2000
Author: Peter Lee

Issuer: Government of UkraineDeal: multiple bond exchangeAmount: $2.7 billionDate: March 15 2000Lead manager: ING Baring

Sovereign debt restructuring has become an increasingly complex business, as the multilateral institutions have moved away from wholesale bail-outs and insisted that private-sector creditors must share the pain of restructuring as the price for the high yields they receive when they lend to less creditworthy sovereigns.

       
Dell: "enormous array of investors"

Bond holders have increasingly replaced banks as the main sources of private-sector funding to emerging-market sovereign borrowers. And while renegotiating loans terms with a syndicate of 20 banks is tough enough – deals between banks and Latin sovereigns in the 1980s took months and even years to complete – renegotiating terms with thousands of desperate bond holders is an even greater challenge.






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