China’s $1.7 trillion hangover

China’s $1.7 trillion hangover

Up to 40% of China’s $1.7 trillion LGFV loans are at high risk of default. What’s a panicking Beijing to do?

The money network:

The money network:

Why crowdfunding threatens traditional bank lending

May 1996

Single currency: Time to think the unthinkable

My optimism depends on the EU's single market surviving the demise of Emu.


Of course, senior EU politicians daren't even think about it. Most of them still see Europe's future in terms of the Maastricht treaty's objectives. But as I argued in this column last month, it's odds-on the timetable for European monetary union (Emu) will have to be put back. What happens to Europe then? Is it Armageddon, as German chancellor Helmut Kohl sometimes seems to suggest. I think not.

But my optimism depends on the EU's single market surviving the demise of Emu. The single market is the foundation of internal commerce, designed in the mid-1980s for completion in 1992. There are still many barriers, but they get smaller each year.

Supporters of a single currency say Emu is essential to the single market. True, big swings in real exchange rates in the EU would encourage business in strong-currency countries to press for import controls. But trade flows fairly freely between...


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